What do antagonist muscles do in relation to other muscles?

Antagonist muscles play a critical role in the musculoskeletal system by opposing or inhibiting the movement of other muscles, particularly the prime movers or agonists. When a prime mover contracts to initiate movement, the antagonist muscle must relax to allow that movement to occur smoothly. This coordination between antagonist and agonist muscles is essential for controlled and precise movements. For instance, when you flex your arm, the biceps brachii acts as the agonist, while the triceps brachii serves as the antagonist, inhibiting extension and allowing for smooth flexion.

In addition to opposing movement, antagonist muscles also contribute to the stabilization of joints during dynamic activities, but their primary function in this context is to oppose the actions of other muscles. This balance between opposing muscles is vital to prevent injury and maintain joint integrity, showcasing the intricate interplay within the muscular system.