What is the term for a disturbance in language comprehension or production often resulting from a stroke?

Aphasia is the correct term for a disturbance in language comprehension or production, typically arising from damage to the language centers of the brain, often due to a stroke. Individuals with aphasia may experience difficulties in speaking, understanding, reading, or writing, depending on the specific type and severity of the condition. This disorder directly impacts communication, which can be profoundly frustrating and isolating for those affected.

In contrast, amnesia refers to memory loss, dyslexia is primarily a reading disorder characterized by difficulties with accurate and/or fluent word recognition and by poor spelling and decoding abilities, and apraxia involves the inability to perform tasks or movements when asked, despite having the desire and the physical capability to do so. These conditions do not specifically pertain to language disturbances in the same way that aphasia does, making aphasia the most appropriate term for this particular disturbance.