What is the typical membrane potential of a neuron?

The typical membrane potential of a neuron at rest is approximately -70 mV. This value reflects the difference in charge across the neuron's plasma membrane, primarily due to the distribution of ions, particularly sodium (Na+) and potassium (K+). At rest, there is a higher concentration of potassium ions inside the neuron and a higher concentration of sodium ions outside. The membrane is more permeable to potassium ions, which tend to diffuse out of the cell, leading to a more negative interior compared to the exterior. This balance of ion distribution and the selective permeability of the membrane are crucial in establishing the resting membrane potential.

While -60 mV, -80 mV, and -90 mV are values that can occur in specific contexts or different types of cells, -70 mV is the most commonly accepted value for the resting membrane potential of typical neurons.