What term describes the brain's ability to adapt its neural connections to environmental challenges?

The term that describes the brain's ability to adapt its neural connections in response to environmental challenges is neuroplasticity. This phenomenon encompasses the brain's capacity to reorganize itself by forming new neural connections throughout life. Neuroplasticity is crucial for learning, memory, and recovery from brain injuries, as it allows the brain to adjust its activities in response to new situations or changes in their environment.

While both neurogenesis and homeostasis are important concepts in neuroscience, they are not directly related to the brain's adaptive capabilities regarding neural connections in response to challenges. Neurogenesis refers specifically to the process by which new neurons are generated, while homeostasis involves maintaining stable internal conditions in the body. The term plasticity, while closely related, is often used in a broader sense and may not capture the full scope of this adaptive capability as well as neuroplasticity does.