What term describes the change in a neuron's membrane potential that results in a more positive charge within the cell?

Depolarization is the term that accurately describes the change in a neuron's membrane potential that leads to a more positive charge inside the cell. In a typical neuron, resting potential is around -70 mV, which means the inside of the cell is more negatively charged compared to the outside. When depolarization occurs, there is a movement of positively charged ions, such as sodium ions, into the neuron. This influx causes the membrane potential to become less negative, moving towards zero and potentially becoming positive.

This process is essential for the generation and propagation of action potentials, which are critical for transmitting signals along nerves. In the context of neurophysiology, understanding depolarization is crucial as it plays a key role in how neurons communicate and process information. The other terms provided reflect different physiological states or processes: hyperpolarization refers to making the inside of the cell more negative, resting potential refers to the stable state of a neuron not actively firing, and membrane reversal is not a standard term used in describing neuronal activity.