Which guidance mechanism in humans is most common during the migration phase of neurons?

During the migration phase of neurons, radial glia serve as a crucial guidance mechanism. Radial glia are specialized progenitor cells that extend long, radial processes from the ventricular zone of the developing brain to the outer layers of the cortex. As young neurons migrate outward to reach their final destinations, they utilize these radial processes as scaffolding or pathways. This migration occurs largely during prenatal development when the brain is forming.

The function of radial glia is vital because they not only support the migration of neurons but also play essential roles in neurogenesis, providing both structural support and chemical signals that guide the developing neurons. Once the neurons reach their proper locations, some of the radial glia cells differentiate into astrocytes.

In contrast, neurofilaments, astrocytes, and oligodendrocytes have different primary functions that are not directly related to guiding the migration of new neurons. Neurofilaments are structural components of neurons that provide support and maintain axonal shape, while astrocytes are involved in maintaining homeostasis, providing nutrients, and supporting the blood-brain barrier. Oligodendrocytes primarily function to myelinate axons in the central nervous system, enhancing the speed and efficiency of electrical signal transmission. Therefore,