Which neurological condition features autoimmune destruction of myelin?

Multiple Sclerosis is a neurological condition characterized by the autoimmune destruction of myelin, which is the protective sheath covering nerve fibers in the central nervous system. In this condition, the immune system mistakenly attacks myelin, leading to inflammation and damage. This disruption interferes with the communication between the brain and the rest of the body, resulting in a variety of neurological symptoms, which can include muscle weakness, difficulties with coordination and balance, and cognitive changes.

The other conditions do not primarily involve the autoimmune destruction of myelin. Myasthenia Gravis is an autoimmune disorder affecting the communication between nerves and muscles, but it does not impact myelin itself. Epilepsy is a group of neurological disorders characterized by seizures without being directly linked to myelin damage. Narcolepsy is a sleep disorder related to the brain's ability to regulate sleep-wake cycles, and it is not associated with myelin destruction.