Which part of a neuron contains the nucleus and organelles?

The soma, also known as the cell body, is the part of the neuron that contains the nucleus and a variety of organelles. It plays a crucial role in maintaining the health of the neuron and is responsible for processing information received from the dendrites. The nucleus within the soma houses the cell’s genetic material and is essential for regulating cellular activities, including gene expression and protein synthesis, which are vital for the functioning of the neuron.

The soma integrates signals received from the dendrites and sends out information through the axon. Dendrites mainly receive signals from other neurons, while the axon transmits impulses away from the soma. The axon terminal is the endpoint where the neuron communicates with other cells, releasing neurotransmitters. Each part of the neuron has specific functions, but the soma is distinctively central to the neuron's metabolic activities and overall functionality.