Which region of the midbrain is primarily affected in Parkinson's disease?

The region of the midbrain primarily affected in Parkinson's disease is the Substantia Nigra. This area is critical because it contains neurons that produce dopamine, a neurotransmitter that plays a vital role in controlling movement and coordination. In Parkinson's disease, there is degeneration of these dopamine-producing neurons, leading to a decrease in dopamine levels. This deficit is directly related to the motor symptoms characteristic of the disease, such as tremors, rigidity, and bradykinesia (slowness of movement). The focus on the Substantia Nigra is a key aspect in understanding the pathophysiology of Parkinson's disease and highlights the importance of dopamine in the regulation of motor functions.