Which term describes conditions characterized by impaired social communication and restricted interests or repetitive behaviors?

The term that describes conditions characterized by impaired social communication and restricted interests or repetitive behaviors is Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD). ASD is a developmental disorder that affects how individuals communicate and interact with others, often resulting in challenges in social settings. It includes a range of symptoms that vary in severity, which is evident in the name “spectrum.” Individuals with ASD may exhibit restricted interests, such as focusing intensely on specific topics or hobbies, and may engage in repetitive behaviors, such as hand-flapping or repeating phrases.

In contrast, the other conditions listed do not primarily define dysfunction in social communication or repetitive behaviors in the same way. For example, Social Anxiety Disorder centers around intense fear or anxiety in social situations, but it does not encompass the broader spectrum of symptoms associated with ASD. Oppositional Defiant Disorder primarily involves a pattern of angry, irritable mood, argumentative/defiant behavior, and vindictiveness, and does not address social communication abilities or repetitive behavior. Bipolar Disorder, characterized by mood swings between depressive and manic episodes, also does not fit the description associated with impaired social communication and repetitive behaviors.