Which type of memory includes knowledge that can be consciously recalled?

The correct answer is declarative memory, which encompasses knowledge that can be consciously recalled, such as facts and events. This type of memory is divided into two categories: episodic memory and semantic memory.

Episodic memory relates to personal experiences and specific events, including the context of when and where they occurred. For instance, recalling a significant birthday party or a vacation can be classified as episodic memory.

Semantic memory, on the other hand, involves the storage of general knowledge, facts, concepts, and information that is not tied to personal experiences, like knowing the capital of France or the rules of a game.

Both episodic and semantic memory fall under the umbrella of declarative memory because they both can be consciously recalled. Nondeclarative memory, which includes skills, habits, and conditioned responses, does not involve conscious recollection and is instead demonstrated through performance.

Therefore, declarative memory is the broad category that includes these conscious recollections of knowledge, making it the correct choice for the question.